by: SUBHANKAR BANERJEE
"Any intelligent fool can make things bigger, more complex, and more violent. It takes a touch of genius--and
a lot of courage--to move in the opposite direction."
--E. F. Schumacher
When I moved to Seattle in 1996, I had thought I knew how to order a cup of coffee: "I'll have a cup of coffee please." Soon I realized that it was more complicated: "I'll have a Venti soy dolce latte, topped with sprinkled cinnamon and caramel drawing on whip cream, with coffee on the side please." Referring to the US government is increasingly becoming as challenging as ordering coffee in Seattle: "Petro-imperial, coal-fired, plutocratic, oligarchic, inverted totalitarian, fascist, propagandist Big Brother, with democracy on the side." Things are beginning to simplify though. Soon you'll be able to refer to the US government with one single word--the Borg.
Two recent news stories reveal that Homo sapiens aren't always loyal to a tyrannical regime. Edward Snowden opened the valve so that crude secrets could flow out of NSA's pipelines--to benefit humanity. And, in protest of America's "dirty wars," Brandon Toy publicly resigned last week from his job at the US Defense contractor General Dynamics. In his resignation letter, published on Common Dreams, Toy wrote: "I have always believed that if every foot soldier threw down his rifle war would end. I hereby throw mine down."
What if the US military were to replace not-to-be-trusted Homo sapiens with completely trustworthy Robo sapiens?
On 11 July 2013, the US Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) unveiled the "Atlas" humanoid robot. Before I go on, take a look at the skeletal structure of Atlas here. Now, in your mind's eye put some smooth metal over the skeleton, and then take a look at a Borg here (stationed at the Hollywood Entertainment Museum). Do you not think they are siblings, or more appropriately two members of the Borg collective? They are--because both are creation of the human mind.
Inspired by the Fukushima nuclear catastrophe the DARPA Robotics Challenge (DRC) was launched last October. Nine months later, Atlas, a six-foot tall, 330-pound baby was born (developed by Boston Dynamics with DARPA funding). Atlas "May Foreshadow Age of 'Robo Sapiens'" is how the New York Times headlined the news. The DRC program manager Gill Pratt gave a rather emotional justification for his program with these words:
"Two weeks ago 19 brave fire fighters lost their lives. A number of us who are in the robotics field see these events in the news, and the thing that touches us very deeply is a single kind of feeling which is, can't we do better? ... I think the answer is yes."
The MIT Technology Review noted that "Atlas is designed to eventually take on some of the most dangerous and high-stakes jobs imaginable, such as tending to a nuclear reactor during a meltdown, shutting off a deep-water oil spill, or helping to put out a raging wildfire." But Atlas isn't there yet. "We're talking about a robot roughly on par with the motile competence of a one-year-old child," according to DARPA. In time though, Atlas and its various siblings that DARPA is creating now, will grow up.
DARPA insists that Atlas is not being designed for
adversarial military tasks, but for humanitarian reasons--to aid rescue efforts during future natural and human-made disasters. Not everyone is convinced though. "The US military has shown off what may become the soldier of the future: a hulking robot that would easily look at home in Hollywood's Terminator franchise or an Isaac Asimov novel," the Australian reported. And Michael Allen opined about Atlas in Opposing Views, "DARPA is famous for trying to create new military weapons, so that could be a possibility as well." The latter is a good hint worth exploring.
In 1968 (I was one-year old) if I had told you that the US government would someday use the Internet to spy on US citizens and people of the world--you would have said: "That's a toddler talking." As it turns out, that year, the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA, later renamed DARPA) of the US Department of Defense approved a plan to develop what would become the ARPANET--the progenitor of what we now call the Internet. The Internet's gene is through and through military. So it should come as no surprise to anyone that the Obama administration has figured out a way to spy on all forms of global Internet communications. After Atlas grows up, the "homeland security, anti-terrorism and warfare will never be the same," the Examiner.com noted.
When the US government assures the public that a particular military program is being developed for humanitarian reasons, should we believe? History tells us--we must not.
In 1961 the US government initiated the Project Plowshare--to develop "techniques to use nuclear explosives for peaceful construction purposes"--to benefit humanity. Due to public opposition the program was terminated in 1977. One of the first proposed Plowshare nuclear experiments was Project Chariot. In 1958 Edward Teller, father of the hydrogen bomb went to Alaska to unveil the project: a plan to blast six large thermonuclear bombs at Point Thompson, between two Iñupiat villages (Point Hope and Kivalina) in the Arctic, to carve a new harbor on the Chukchi Sea coast. Because of the courageous and creative efforts by the Iñupiat people of Point Hope, two University of Alaska biologists William Pruitt and Leslie Viereck who were fired for speaking out against the plan (and three decades later were honored by the Alaska State Legislature for the same act for which they were fired by the University), and a handful of conservationists--Project Chariot was stopped, preventing the US government "from inflicting a catastrophe worse than Chernobyl on its own land and people," as was noted in historian Dan O'Neill's groundbreaking book, The Firecracker Boys. While the larger experiment was stopped, Point Hope-based Iñupiat conservationist and Goldman Prize winner Caroline Cannon wrote in her testimony in the anthology, Arctic Voices: Resistance at the Tipping Point that I edited:
"Even though the bombs were not detonated, the area is still radioactively contaminated by an experiment to estimate the effect that radioactive material would have on water sources. Materials from a 1962 nuclear explosion at the Nevada Test Site were transported to our homelands in August 1962, used in several experiments, and then buried. ... Many of our young people have died of cancer. My own daughter was diagnosed with leukemia in August of 2005, which is known to be linked to exposure to radiation. To see young people die in big numbers like that is alarming."
In a recent article I had written that the human mind is like a boomerang. The ingenuity and the deviousness of the human mind are the two sides of the same coin. In future, no one should be surprised, if Atlases get deployed on the streets to crush people's resistance--against American tyranny--at home and abroad.
We don't need robots. Instead we need to "move in the opposite direction" that Einstein had suggested. We need to care for each other and give space to nonhuman biotic communities to thrive on this Earth.
Gill Pratt's question "can't we do better?" could be answered more honestly, not by developing "Robo Sapiens" that could offer help during disasters, but among other things, by stopping Canada and the US from becoming rogue, reckless petrostates (and continue another century of petro-capitalism) that will lead to dangerous climate change with many more deaths from fires (like the one in Arizona that Pratt was lamenting).
Capitalism thrives, not by addressing the causes of injuries, but by constantly producing new Band-Aids--for sale. Atlas is more than capitalism though. It is also about militarism. We would do well to pay attention and challenge its construction, rather than wake up later and see a whole lotta destruction.
Equipped with Atlases on the ground, backed by drones in the sky, and real-time global surveillance--the US government will soon be ready to announce: "Resistance is futile."
What was once only the realm of science fiction is increasingly becoming reality that we have to contend with. We would do well to pay attention to journalist Chris Hedges' premonition that "Revolt Is All We Have Left."
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